In I Samuel 17, the Philistine armies have gathered at Socoh, and are encamped between Socoh and Azekah. Across the Elah Valley, were the Israelites, with a river between them and their enemies. To the left of this photo is Socoh with Azekah rising at the end of the valley. To the right is the site of Khirbet Qeiyafa, the possible location of the Israelite camp.